III SEMESTER B.C.A. / B.SC. ENGLISH SOLVED QUESTION PAPER (NEP)
GENERIC ENGLISH- REGULAR -DEGREE EXAMINATION, MARCH/ APRIL-2024
III Semester BCA / B.Sc (NEP) Degree Examination, March/ April-
2024
GENERIC ENGLISH – 3 (AECC)
(Regular)
Time: 2 Hours Maximum Marks: 60
Text: The Fire And the Rain
I. Answer any FIVE of the following questions in a sentence or
two: (5x2=10)
1) Whom did Vishakha marry?
Ans: Paravasu
2) Name the son of Bharadwaja?
Ans: Yavakri
3) Who was selected as the chief priest for the fire sacrifice
to end the long drought?
Ans: Paravasu
4) Why did Raibhya decide to punish Yavakri?
Ans: Raibhya decided to punish Yavakri for molesting his
daughter-in-law, Vishakha, and disturbing the fire sacrifice.
5) Whom did Raibhya send to kill Yavakri?
Ans: Brahma Rakshasa (a demon)
6) Who played the role of Vritra in the play performed in the
palace of the king?
Ans: Arvasu
7) By whom was Nittilai killed?
Ans: Nittilai murdered by her husband and brother because she
falls in love with Aravasu.
II. Answer any TWO of the following in a paragraph: (2x5=10)
1) Andhaka:
Ans: Andhaka, from Girish
Karnad's play "Fire and the Rain," is a blind man dwelling at the
entrance of a hermitage. Despite his blindness, he possesses a sharp wit and
keen awareness. His son, Yavakri, is a central character who embarks on a
ten-year penance to gain ultimate knowledge. Andhaka, though proud of his son's
achievements, serves as a voice of reason. He critiques the Brahminical pursuit
of knowledge for personal gain, hinting at its hypocrisy. Andhaka's blindness
becomes symbolic. While physically unable to see, he offers a clearer
perspective on the play's themes of love, desire, and the true purpose of
knowledge. Andhaka's key role and the symbolism associated with his blindness.
2) Yavakri:
Ans: Yavakri, from Girish Karnad's "Fire and the
Rain," is a complex character driven by a thirst for ultimate knowledge.
Son of the blind hermit Andhaka, Yavakri embarks on a ten-year penance,
isolating himself from the world. He embodies the traditional Brahminical
pursuit of knowledge, seeking personal gain and spiritual power. However, his
encounter with the Apsara Urvashi disrupts his rigid pursuit. The experience
challenges his detachment and exposes a hidden desire for love and human
connection.
Yavakri's journey is one of transformation. He grapples with the
conflict between attaining knowledge and succumbing to human emotions. His
fate, intertwined with the play's central themes, leaves the audience
questioning the true purpose of knowledge and the cost of detachment from human
experience. Yavakri's motivations, internal conflict, and his role in the
play's exploration of knowledge and desire.
3) Raibhya:
Ans: Raibhya in Girish Karnad's "Fire and the
Rain" is a learned Brahmin, a scholar well-versed in religious rituals. He
lives with his two sons, harboring a simmering resentment. Despite his
knowledge, Raibhya is passed over for the role of chief priest at a fire
sacrifice. This humiliation, coupled with his son Yavakri's unconventional
pursuit of knowledge, fuels his anger. Raibhya's response is drastic. He
creates a vengeful spirit to destroy Yavakri, revealing a darkness beneath his
scholarly facade. Raibhya's actions highlight the play's exploration of
jealousy, ambition, and the potential corruption of traditional values.
Raibhya's role and the moral complexities he embodies.
III. a) Sketch the character of Paravasu. (1x10=10)
Ans: Paravasu, a pivotal character in Girish Karnad's
"Fire and the Rain," embodies the ideals of duty and unwavering
devotion. As the head priest, he represents the established Brahminical order,
yet his approach is nuanced. Paravasu's dedication to his role is absolute. He
meticulously upholds rituals and traditions, ensuring their proper execution.
This strict adherence reflects his deep respect for the sacred and his belief
in maintaining order. However, Paravasu isn't merely a rigid follower.
He possesses a sense of compassion and understanding. When Yavakri,
ostracized for his unorthodox methods, seeks refuge at the hermitage, Paravasu
welcomes him. This act demonstrates Paravasu's ability to see beyond social
norms and recognize genuine spiritual yearning. Paravasu's relationship with
his son, Nandini, further reveals his character. He encourages Nandini's
intellectual pursuits, even when they challenge traditional beliefs. This
openness suggests Paravasu's willingness to engage with different perspectives,
showcasing a depth beyond blind adherence to tradition.
However, Paravasu's unwavering commitment to duty creates internal
conflict. When Raibhya, consumed by vengeance, unleashes a malevolent spirit,
Paravasu faces a difficult choice. Torn between protecting Yavakri and
upholding the sanctity of the rituals, Paravasu embodies the play's central
tension between tradition and individual pursuit. Paravasu's tragic end
underscores the play's exploration of fate and free will. Despite his best
efforts, he becomes a pawn in the conflict, highlighting the limitations of
human control.
In conclusion, Paravasu is a complex character. He represents the
Brahminical order but isn't a rigid traditionalist. He embodies duty and
devotion, yet grapples with internal conflicts. Through Paravasu, Karnad
explores the complexities of faith, tradition, and the human condition.
(Or)
b) Write a critical note on the tragic love story of Aravasu and
Nittilai.
Ans: Girish Karnad's "Fire and the Rain"
weaves a complex tapestry of love, loss, and the struggle between desire and
societal constraints. At its heart lies the tragic love story of Aravasu and
Nittilai, a tale that serves as a powerful critique of the rigidities of the
caste system and its devastating impact on human connection. Aravasu, a Brahmin
priest, and Nittilai, a woman from a lower caste, are bound by a love that
transcends social barriers. Their bond is depicted as pure and genuine, fueled
by emotional connection rather than societal expectations. However, the caste
system acts as an insurmountable wall, crushing their desires beneath its
weight.
The play doesn't delve deeply into the details of their relationship,
leaving space for the audience to imagine the tenderness and yearning that must
have existed. This very absence heightens the tragedy – a love story barely
hinted at, snuffed out before it could truly blossom. Nittilai's eventual
suicide becomes a stark symbol of the oppression faced by those trapped in the
caste hierarchy. Her act is a desperate escape from a life devoid of love and
acceptance. Aravasu's grief, though portrayed subtly, underscores the emotional
toll of this enforced separation.
Karnad doesn't offer easy solutions or simplistic villains. The play
acknowledges the internal conflicts faced by characters like Paravasu, who are
caught between their personal desires and their social obligations. This
complexity strengthens the critique – the caste system isn't just about
external enforcement, it also instils a sense of duty that can supersede
personal happiness. Aravasu and Nittilai's love story serves as a cautionary
tale. It lays bare the human cost of social divisions and the devastating
consequences of prioritizing social order over individual fulfilment. Their
tragedy becomes a powerful indictment of a system that prioritizes tradition
over human connection.
However, one can also argue that the play offers a glimmer of hope. The
very existence of their love story, however brief, suggests the possibility of
transcending social limitations. Perhaps, their story serves as a spark,
inspiring future generations to challenge the status quo and fight for a world
where love can blossom freely.
IV. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (2x5=10)
1) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s constituent Assembly speech
Ans:
2) Kiran Bedi’s speech on visionary leadership
Ans:
3) Martin Luther King’s Dream
Ans:
V. a) Discuss the role of body language in the effective
presentation.(1x5=5)
Ans: Body language plays a crucial role in
delivering an effective presentation. It's a powerful tool that can
significantly impact how your message is received by the audience.
Strengthens
Credibility and Confidence: Strong, positive body language like good posture,
eye contact, and natural gestures projects confidence and makes you appear
credible. Audiences are more likely to trust and be persuaded by someone who
seems self-assured and invested in the topic.
Enhances
Engagement: Effective body language keeps the audience engaged. Varied facial
expressions, animated gestures that complement your points, and moving around
the stage (within reason) can hold attention and make your presentation more
dynamic.
Underlines
Your Message: Body language can emphasize key points. Using gestures to
illustrate comparisons, raising your voice for emphasis, or even strategic
pauses can highlight important aspects of your presentation and make them
resonate with the audience.
Connects
with the Audience: Making eye contact and using open gestures fosters a
connection with the audience. It shows you're interested in communication, not
just delivering information. This connection can make your presentation more
impactful and memorable.
Here
are some additional tips for using body language effectively in presentations: Be
Natural: Avoid stiff or forced movements. Aim for a balance between confident
and approachable.
Practice
Makes Perfect: Rehearse your presentation beforehand, paying attention to your
body language.
Mind
the Space: Move around the stage purposefully, but avoid pacing nervously or
crowding the audience.
Project
Your Voice: Speak clearly and with enough volume to be heard by everyone.
By
consciously using body language to your advantage, you can transform your
presentations from informative lectures to truly captivating experiences for
your audience.
(OR)
b) How do the audio-visual aids help in the effective
presentation?
Ans: Audio-visual aids are like assistants in your
presentation, helping you deliver your message more effectively and engagingly.
Here's how they contribute to a successful presentation:
Enhanced
Understanding: Complex information can be presented clearly
through visuals like charts, graphs, or images. This allows the audience to
grasp the information faster and retain it better.
Boosted
Engagement: Visuals break up the monotony of a lecture-style
presentation. Images, videos, or even infographics can add a fresh element,
keeping the audience interested and focused.
Memorable
Moments: Compelling visuals can create lasting impressions. A well-placed image
or a short video clip can stay with the audience long after the presentation is
over.
Supporting
Arguments: Data visualizations like charts and graphs can strengthen your
arguments by presenting evidence in an easily digestible way.
Adding
Variety: Audiovisuals can provide a change of pace, preventing the audience from
getting bored with a purely spoken presentation.
Emotional
Connection: Images and videos can evoke emotions in the
audience, making your message more impactful and relatable.
Here are some
things to keep in mind when using audio-visual aids:
Relevance: Only include
visuals that directly support your points. Avoid cluttering your presentation
with unnecessary graphics.
Clarity: Ensure the
visuals are clear and easy to understand from a distance. Avoid using too much
text or overly complex designs.
Technical Aspects: Test all your audio-visual
equipment beforehand to avoid technical glitches during the presentation.
Focus on Your Delivery: Don't rely
solely on the visuals to carry your message. Maintain eye contact and explain
the visuals as you present.
By using audio-visual aids strategically, you can transform your
presentation into a clear, engaging, and memorable experience for your
audience.
VI. a) Describe the techniques of descriptive writing. (1x5=5)
Ans: Descriptive writing transports your reader to a
specific place or time. It paints a picture with words, allowing the reader to
experience your subject through their senses. Here are some key techniques to
achieve this:
Sensory
Details: Engage all five senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch.
Describe what your subject looks like, sounds like, smells like, tastes like
(if appropriate), and feels like. For example, instead of saying "The
forest was dark," you could describe "The dense canopy overhead
filtered sunlight into a dappled mosaic, casting long shadows on the damp,
earthy ground. A symphony of chirping birds and rustling leaves filled the
air."
Strong Verbs
and Adjectives: Don't settle for generic words. Choose vivid verbs
and precise adjectives that bring your description to life. Instead of saying
"The house was big," you could say, "The Victorian mansion
loomed before me, its weathered gray paint peeling like aged skin."
Figurative
Language: Similes, metaphors, and personification can add depth and creativity to
your descriptions. A simile uses "like" or "as" to compare
things, while a metaphor directly equates them. Personification gives human
qualities to non-human things. For example, "The wind howled like a lonely
wolf through the barren trees" (simile), or "The city was a sleeping
giant, its towering buildings shrouded in fog" (metaphor), or "The
old oak tree stretched its gnarled fingers towards the sky" (personification).
Show, Don't
Tell: Instead of simply stating facts, use descriptive details to show the
reader what's happening. This allows them to draw their own conclusions and
become more immersed in the experience. For example, instead of saying
"She felt happy," you could describe "Her eyes sparkled with
joy, and a wide smile stretched across her face."
Emotive
Language: Descriptive writing isn't just about physical details. Use words that
evoke emotions in the reader. Help them feel the character's fear, the
peacefulness of a setting, or the excitement of an event.
Figurative
Language: Similes, metaphors, and personification can add depth and creativity to
your descriptions.
(OR)
b) Write an essay on “Pollution” or “Wonders of Science”.
Ans: Pollution, the unwelcome addition of harmful
substances to the environment, has become a defining challenge of our time. It
takes many forms, from the smog choking our cities to the plastic littering our
oceans, each with its own devastating consequences. This essay will explore the
various types of pollution, their impact on human health and the environment,
and the need for urgent action to curb this growing threat.
One of the
most pressing concerns is air pollution. Industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust
fumes, and burning fossil fuels release harmful gases and particulate matter
into the atmosphere. These pollutants can cause respiratory problems, heart
disease, and even cancer. Furthermore, air pollution contributes to climate
change by trapping heat in the atmosphere, leading to rising global
temperatures and extreme weather events. Water pollution is another major
threat. Industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and untreated sewage contaminate
our rivers, lakes, and oceans. This not only destroys aquatic ecosystems but
also makes water unsafe for drinking and recreation. Additionally, plastic
pollution is a growing problem, with millions of tons of plastic ending up in
the oceans every year, harming marine life and entering the food chain.
Soil
pollution arises from the overuse of pesticides and fertilizers, industrial
waste dumping, and improper waste disposal. This degrades the quality of soil,
making it less fertile and reducing its ability to support plant life.
Additionally, contaminated soil can leach harmful chemicals into groundwater,
further exacerbating the problem. Beyond these primary categories, we face
issues like noise pollution, which disrupts wildlife behavior and can damage
human hearing. Light pollution, from brightly lit buildings and streetlights,
disrupts natural light cycles and can harm nocturnal animals. Each type of
pollution contributes to the overall environmental degradation, creating a
domino effect of negative consequences.
The impact of
pollution is not limited to the environment. It has a significant cost on human
health. According to the World Health Organization, millions of deaths occur
annually due to pollution-related illnesses. The economic burden of pollution
is also substantial, with healthcare costs, lost productivity, and damage to
infrastructure all contributing to the financial toll. Addressing this crisis
requires a multi-pronged approach. Governments need to implement stricter
regulations on industrial activities and promote the use of renewable energy
sources. Businesses must adopt sustainable practices and invest in cleaner
technologies. Individuals can minimize their own environmental footprint by
opting for public transportation, reducing their waste production, and choosing
eco-friendly products.
Investing in
research and development of pollution control technologies is crucial. Public
awareness campaigns can encourage individual responsibility and promote
sustainable living practices. International cooperation is essential to address
global issues like climate change and plastic pollution in the oceans.
In conclusion, pollution is a complex and multifaceted problem with
far-reaching consequences. It demands immediate action and a collective effort
from individuals, businesses, and governments. By prioritizing environmental
protection, adopting sustainable practices, and investing in innovative
solutions, we can create a cleaner and healthier future for ourselves and
generations to come. We must act now, before the shadow of pollution looms too
large.
(OR)
Wonder of Science
Science, the methodical pursuit of knowledge
through observation and experimentation, has been a fundamental driving force
behind human progress. It is a ceaseless exploration of the universe, from the
vast expanse of galaxies to the intricate workings of the atom. The wonders
science has revealed are nothing short of awe-inspiring, and its impact on
every facet of our lives is undeniable. One of the most remarkable wonders of
science is its ability to unlock the secrets of nature. From the groundbreaking
discoveries of Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin to the ongoing exploration of
the human genome, science has provided us with a deeper understanding of the
world around us. This knowledge empowers us to predict natural phenomena,
develop new technologies, and solve complex problems.
The field of medicine exemplifies the
transformative power of science. Through tireless research and innovation,
scientists have developed vaccines that have eradicated deadly diseases like
smallpox and polio. Advanced medical technologies have revolutionized surgery,
allowing for minimally invasive procedures and improved patient outcomes. The
fight against cancer and other life-threatening illnesses continues with the
help of groundbreaking research in fields like bioengineering and gene therapy.
Science has also revolutionized communication and transportation. The
internet, a product of scientific research, has connected the world like never
before. We can now communicate with anyone across the globe instantaneously,
and access information at our fingertips. Advancements in transportation, from
airplanes that ferry us across continents to high-speed trains that reduce
travel time significantly, have shrunk the world and fostered global
interaction.
Looking towards the future, science holds the key to addressing some of
humanity's most pressing challenges. Climate change, energy security, and
resource depletion demand innovative solutions. Scientific research in
renewable energy sources, sustainable agriculture, and climate modeling paves
the way for a more secure and sustainable future. Space exploration, while
driven by a sense of wonder and human curiosity, also has the potential to
unlock new resources and knowledge that could benefit life on Earth.
However, the power of science comes with a responsibility. Ethical
considerations must guide scientific research to ensure it serves humanity's
best interests. The potential misuse of scientific advancements for destructive
purposes necessitates careful oversight and responsible governance.
In conclusion, the wonders of science are boundless. It has provided us
with a deeper understanding of the universe, improved our lives in countless
ways, and holds the promise for a brighter future. As we continue to explore
and innovate, science remains our guiding light, illuminating the path towards
progress and a better world.
(OR)
c) Analyse the main features of reflective writing.
Ans: Reflective writing is a unique style of writing
that focuses on analyzing and exploring an experience, event, or concept.
Here's a breakdown of its main features:
Personal Focus: Unlike typical academic
writing, reflective writing uses the first person ("I") perspective.
It centers around the writer's personal experience and their own thoughts and
feelings about it.
Self-Exploration: It delves deeper than
simply recounting the experience. The writer reflects on what happened, why it
mattered, and how it impacted them. This analysis can involve examining
emotions, thought processes, and personal biases.
Integration of Analysis and Description: Reflective writing
combines description of the experience with analysis of its meaning. The writer
doesn't just tell the story; they use descriptive language to paint a picture,
but then go beyond to explore the significance and lessons learned.
Informal Style (Often): While reflective writing
can be used in formal contexts, it often adopts a more informal and
conversational style. This allows the writer to express their honest
reflections and feelings freely.
Use of Questions: Reflective writing often
prompts self-discovery through questions. The writer might ask "What did I
learn?", "How could I have handled this differently?", or
"What does this experience say about me?" These questions guide the
exploration of the experience.
Integration of Theory (Optional): In academic settings,
reflective writing may incorporate relevant theories or concepts from the field
of study. This adds depth to the reflection by connecting the personal
experience to a broader academic context.
Focus on Learning and Growth: Ultimately, reflective
writing aims to identify takeaways and areas for growth. The writer reflects on
what they learned from the experience and how they can apply those learnings to
future situations.
By incorporating these features, reflective writing
becomes a valuable tool for personal and professional development. It allows
individuals to gain deeper insights from their experiences and use them to
become better versions of themselves.
VII. a) Write a letter of enquiry to the dean Institute of mass
communication, university of Bangalore, Seeking information about the course
admission procedure, hostel facilities, placement opportunities, etc (1x5=5)
Ans:
From
Rajesh Kumar
Rajaji Nagar
Bangalore
25th April 2024
To,
Dean
Institute of Mass Communication University
Bangalore
Subject: The
Dean Institute of Mass
Communication University of Bangalore Bangalore , Karnataka
Dear
Sir/Madam,
I am writing to express my keen interest in pursuing a program
at the Institute of Mass Communication (IMC) at the University of Bangalore. I
am a highly motivated individual with a strong passion for Mass Communication,
e.g., journalism, filmmaking, advertising.
I would be grateful if you could provide me with information on
the following:
Courses
Offered: I would appreciate
details about the various undergraduate and/or postgraduate programs offered by
the IMC, including their specializations and eligibility criteria.
Admission
Procedure: Please outline the
admission process for the programs I am interested in, including the
application deadlines, entrance exams, and required documents.
Hostel
Facilities: If on-campus housing
is available, I would like to know about the hostel facilities, including the
application process, room types, amenities offered, and fees.
Placement
Opportunities:
Understanding the career prospects for graduates is crucial. Could you please
provide information about the placement record of the IMC and any career
assistance services offered by the institute?
I have attached my resume for your reference
Thank you for your time and consideration. I eagerly await your
response and the opportunity to learn more about the exciting programs offered
at the IMC.
Yours sincerely,
Rajesh Kumar
(OR)
b) Prepare your resume for the post of ‘Assistant manager’ in a
reputed company.
Ans:
Monalisa Starc
Ronak Colony
Anderi East
Mumbai
98452 XXXXX
Summary
A highly motivated and results-oriented professional with two
years of experience in seeking an Assistant Manager position at a reputable
company. Proven ability to key skills relevant to assistant manager role, e.g.,
lead and motivate teams, achieve sales targets, manage budgets. Strong work
ethic and a passion for exceeding expectations.
Job Title
Briefly describe your responsibilities and achievements using
strong action verbs and quantifiable results whenever possible.
Highlight accomplishments that showcase your leadership skills,
problem-solving abilities, and contributions to the company's success.
Tailor each bullet points to the specific requirements mentioned
in the job description for Assistant Manager.
Job Title
(previous if applicable)
Repeat the process above for any previous relevant work
experience.
Skills
List your key skills relevant to the Assistant Manager role.
Include a mix of hard skills (e.g., software proficiency, data
analysis) and soft skills (e.g., communication, teamwork, problem-solving).
You can tailor this section further based on the specific
requirements mentioned in the job description.
Education
University
Name | City, State
| Degree | Graduation Year
List any relevant coursework or projects that showcase your
skills and qualifications for the Assistant Manager role.
I hereby declare that the above information is true to my
knowledge.
Monalisa Starc
(OR)
c) Write a letter of complaint to the municipal commissioner to
take necessary actions regarding the leaking of drain pipes in your colony.
Ans:
From
Kishore Kumar
Rajaji Nagar
Bangalore
25th April 2024
To,
The Municipal Commissioner
Bangalore
Subject: Complaint Regarding Leaking Drain Pipes
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to bring to your urgent attention the issue of
leaking drain pipes in our colony. This problem has been ongoing for mention
the timeframe, several weeks and is causing significant sanitation concerns for
the residents.
The leakage is located behind houses on street name. This is
causing the problems caused by the leak, stagnant water, foul odor, breeding
ground for mosquitoes. This unsanitary environment poses a serious health risk
to the residents, particularly children and elderly people, who are more
vulnerable to diseases spread through contaminated water and mosquitoes.
We, the residents are deeply concerned about this issue and
request your immediate intervention. We urge you to send a team of sanitation
workers to inspect the leak and initiate repairs at the earliest possible
opportunity.
To facilitate the repair process, I am available at 98741 XXXXX to
provide any additional information or coordinate access to the affected area.
Thank you for your prompt attention to this important matter.
Yours sincerely,
Kishore Kumar
VIII. a) Draft an advertisement copy for the sale of
‘Television’ highlighting its unique features. (1x5=5)
Ans:
Headline: Immerse Yourself: Introducing the All-New Samsung
Televison
Imagine: A world of vibrant colors, razor-sharp details, and
crystal-clear sound that transports you right into the heart of the action.
That's the experience waiting for you with the revolutionary new Samsung.
Introducing a game-changer in home
entertainment:
Unmatched Picture Quality: Witness breathtaking visuals with our cutting-edge Display
Technology, OLED, QLED display. Deep blacks, vibrant colors, and stunning
contrast bring your favorite movies, shows, and games to life like never
before.
Smarter Than Ever: The Samsung boasts a powerful Operating System that lets you
seamlessly access your favorite streaming services, browse the web, and even
control your smart home devices – all from the comfort of your couch.
Immersive Sound: Feel the action like you are right there with our Sound
Technology, e.g., Dolby Atmos, DTS:X, sound system. Rich, multi-dimensional
audio creates a truly cinematic experience.
Designed to Captivate: The Samsung features a sleek, modern design that complements
any living space. The [mention a unique design feature, e.g., ultra-thin bezel,
seamless wall-mounting] design allows the picture to take center stage.
Don't just watch TV, experience it. Upgrade your home entertainment with the all-new Samsung.
Limited Time Offer: Get a special offer, free sound bar, streaming service
subscription with your purchase!
Visit your nearest to learn more.
Samsung: Innovation at its Finest
(OR)
b) Write a product manual on ‘i phone’
Ans:
iPhone User Guide
This guide provides a basic overview of your iPhone and its
features. For a more comprehensive guide, refer to the Apple Support website (https://support.apple.com/guide/iphone/welcome/ios).
Getting Started
Turn on and set up: Press and hold the side button until the Apple logo appears.
Follow the on-screen instructions to set up your language, region, Wi-Fi
connection, Apple ID, and other settings.
Learn gestures: Master the basic gestures for navigating your iPhone. Swipe up
from the bottom to go Home, swipe left or right to switch between apps, and
swipe down from the top-right corner to access Control Center.
Making Calls
Open the Phone app.
Tap the Keypad tab to enter a phone number or select a contact from your list.
Tap the green phone
icon to initiate the call.
Tap the red button to end the call.
Sending Messages
Open the Messages app.
Tap the compose icon (looks like a pencil and paper) in the top right corner.
Enter the recipient's
name or phone number in the
"To" field.
Type your message in the text box below.
Tap the send arrow (looks like an upward-pointing triangle) to send the message.
Using the Camera
Open the Camera app.
Swipe left or right to switch between photo and video mode.
Tap the white button to capture a photo or start recording a video.
Tap the red button to stop recording a video.
Pinch to zoom in or out on your subject.
Tap the screen to set the focus on a specific area.
Browsing the Web
Open the Safari app.
Enter a web address in the address bar at the top of the screen.
Tap the "Go"
button (looks like an arrow)
or tap the return key on your keyboard.
Swipe up and down to scroll through the webpage.
Tap and hold on a link to open it in a new tab or bookmark it for later.
Downloading Apps
Open the App Store app.
Browse or search for the app you want to download.
Tap the "Get"
button next to the app. You
may need to enter your Apple ID password or use Face ID/Touch ID to confirm the
download.
The app will download
and install automatically.
Once finished, you'll find it on your Home screen.
Customizing Your iPhone
Change your wallpaper: Go to Settings > Wallpaper & Brightness. Choose a new
wallpaper from your photos or Apple's built-in collection.
Add widgets: Widgets provide information and quick access to frequently used
apps. Touch and hold on an empty space on your Home screen, tap the
"+" icon in the top left corner, and browse available widgets.
Organize your apps: Drag and drop app icons to arrange them on your Home screen or
create folders to group related apps.
Additional Features
Your iPhone has many additional features, including:
Siri: Your virtual assistant for making calls, sending messages,
setting reminders, and more.
Music: Play your favorite songs and albums.
Maps: Get directions and navigate your surroundings.
Mail: Stay connected with email.
Photos: View and edit your photos and videos.
Notes: Take notes and keep track of important information.
Settings: Here you can personalize your iPhone experience,
manage notifications, and adjust various settings.
Safety and Support
For information on iPhone safety, warranty, and repairs, visit
the Apple Support website (https://support.apple.com/).
For additional tips and tutorials, explore the Apple Support app
or website.
Note: This is a basic guide, and some features or functionalities may
vary depending on your iPhone model and iOS version.
c) Describe your first day at a new school or college.
Ans: Butterflies
danced a frantic jig in my stomach as I clutched the unfamiliar strap of my
backpack. It was my first day at St. Jude's College, a sprawling campus that
seemed to stretch endlessly before me. Everything was new – the scent of
freshly cut grass, the echoing chatter of unseen students, the imposing brick
buildings that whispered of history.
I found my
assigned classroom – thankfully, near the elevator, a small victory in my
already overwhelmed state. Inside, the room buzzed with nervous energy. Cliques
huddled together, their laughter a language I wasn't yet privy to. I scanned
the sea of faces, searching for a friendly smile, a lifeline in this social
ocean.
A lone figure
sitting by the window caught my eye. She was sketching something in a notebook,
her brow furrowed in concentration. Mustering all my courage, I approached her,
a hesitant smile plastered on my face.
"Hi,"
I mumbled, my voice barely a squeak. "Do you mind if I sit here?"
She looked
up, surprise giving way to a warm smile. "Sure, not at all! I'm Sarah, by
the way."
"I'm
Ishaan," I replied, relief flooding my system. We spent the next few
minutes in a nervous exchange, getting to know each other. Sarah, thankfully,
turned out to be friendly and welcoming.
As the day
progressed, the initial anxiety slowly melted away. The teachers were engaging,
the classes interesting, and the workload, though new, wasn't overwhelming.
During lunch, I joined Sarah and a few of her friends. They were accepting and
included me in their conversation, making me feel a little less like a lone
island.
By the end of
the day, the butterflies had transformed into a gentle hum of excitement. St.
Jude's was still intimidating, but it wasn't unwelcoming anymore. I walked out,
no longer a stranger, but a student with a new friend, a new beginning, and a
heart full of hope for the adventures that awaited me in this new chapter.
