CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunctions are the words which are used to
combine two or more than two words, groups of words or sentences. / Conjunctions
are joining words.
EXAMPLES:
·
Her painting is awesome but her Physics is poor.
·
He and his siblings work in the same company.
·
They can reach the city by car or train.
·
Rajesh’s clothes torn as he had a fight with him.
·
The doctor does not remember when she was bumped into the
traffic.
KINDS OF CONJUNCTIONS
-
Coordinating Conjunctions
-
Subordinating Conjunctions
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Coordinating Conjunctions join two statements
or clauses of equal rank.
FANBOYS: FOR, AND, NOR, BUT, OR, YET, SO
EXAMPLES:
·
Prakash and Raj are my best friends.
·
Bees sting but butterflies are gentle.
·
He can opt for Science or Commerce.
·
You should work hard for good result.
·
Neither he nor
she has broken glasses.
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
Subordinating Conjunctions join a subordinate
clause to a main clause.
After, as, because, since, if, though, although, till,
until, before, unless, when, while, why, so that, than, etc.
POINTS TO REMEMBER
•
Both clauses are not of equal rank. One clause (subordinate clause)
depends upon the other (main clause).
|
Types
of Subordinating Conjunctions |
Examples |
|
Time |
She has reached college before the
bell rang. |
|
Cause or reason |
As she is late, they will have to wait
outside. |
|
Purpose |
They will practice so that they may
win the match. |
|
Result or Consequence |
Mona shouted so loudly that they all
heard her. |
|
Condition |
If you ask him, he will help you. |
|
Concession |
Although he was late, they let him in. |
|
Comparison |
That building is taller than that
one. |
SOME CONJUNCTIONS & THEIR USAGE
And: is used to join two sentences of independent
nature.
·
Suraj has studied MBBS and he is a doctor.
·
No one knows Ramesh is a painter and he paints awesome pictures.
But: is used to join two sentences of contrasting
or opposite nature.
·
Sunil is a rich person but he is unhappy.
·
He was planning to visit New York but he could not get a visa.
Or: use of or shows another choice or
possibility.
·
You should handle the glass with care or it will fall down and
break.
·
Tina can opt for MBBS or IIT.
If: Use of the conjunction if introduces a
conditional clause with respect to the statement contained in another clause of
the sentence.
·
The King will pardon him if he confesses what he has done.
·
All the students will get A+ if they put in enough hard work.
Unless: Unless is used to show a negative condition
in one of the parts of the sentence.
·
He will not go against you unless you disturb him.
·
Unless she
pays loan, she will not get back her home.
Because/As/Since/For: is used to indicate the reason or cause
expressed in one of the parts of a sentence.
·
Some doctors will be punished by the law because/as/since/for
they have charged more
·
Nurse has put a plaster his arm as/because/since/for it was
fractured.
Although (Though): when used in a sentence, indicates contrast.
·
He was not promoted although he was hardworking.
·
She refused to carry an umbrella though the sky was overcast.
As if: As if creates a sense of false impression.
·
The woman is talking forcefully as if she was a leader.
·
The boy was weeping loudly as if he had lost his chocolates.
While: connects two sentences to show (i) during
the time that, (ii) at the same time and (iii) whereas.
·
Mahi took her Physics paper today while Riya took his Biology
paper.
·
While he
enjoyed boating, his friends enjoyed rock-climbing.
·
Hammer the iron while it is not.
Lest: The sentence combined using lest indicate
caution to avoid something expressed in the second sentence.
·
Have you breakfast lest someone else should eat it.
·
Do not waste your precious time lest you should suffer latter.
Either …. or, Neither…. nor: Either…. or and
neither…nor
combine two sentences such that the consideration of one of the two
alternatives is expressed.
·
Either he
is really rich or he is pretending to be rich.
·
Neither her
brother nor she has broken it.
As….as, not so…as…. than: A sense of comparison is conveyed through the
use of as….as, not so…as and than.
·
Ayan is as brave as Mohit.
·
Neera is not so intelligent as Meera.
·
The neem tree is taller than mango tree.
·
Bangalore is not more crowded than Mumbai.
So that, so…that, such…. that: use of so that, so…that, or such…. that in a
sentence conveys a sense of result or purpose.
·
Walk faster so that you do not lag behind.
·
She is so tall that she cannot walk.
·
Mr. Kapil is such a good man that I never forget him.
Not only…but also, both….and, whether …. or: when used in pairs, not only…. but also;
both…and; and whether…. or convey a sense of correlation.
·
Not only
Zoya but also Riya played well today.
·
Both his
father and her father are good friends.
·
He does not care whether she stays on or goes home.
No sooner …. than, hardly…. when: use of no sooner…. than or hardly…. when in
sentences conveys the sense of two actions or activities taking place almost at
the same time.
·
No sooner did he jumped than his leg broke.
·
Hardly had
I reached home when my friend came.
·
No sooner had the leader begun speech than the crowd started shouting loud.
