ADJECTIVES
Adjectives are words which describes / qualifies nouns or
pronouns. Adjectives are the words which add to the meanings of nouns or
pronouns.
KINDS OF ADJECTIVES
-
Adjectives of quality
-
Adjectives of quantity
-
Adjectives of possession
-
Adjectives of demonstration
-
Adjectives of number
-
Adjectives of emphasis
-
Adjectives of interrogation
-
Adjectives of distribution
-
Adjectives of exclamation
ADJECTIVES OF QUALITY
Adjectives of Quality are the words that show qualities
of nouns.
EXAMPLES:
§
He is the tallest boy in the class.
§
Yesterday, we had a pleasant weather.
§
Giant elephant
lived on the earth.
§
The intelligent dog caught the thief.
§
Polite
people respect everyone.
§
She is a kind lady.
§
They are the smartest students.
DEGREES OF ADJECTIVES
There are three degrees of adjectives.
§
Positive Degree
§
Comparative Degree
§
Superlative Degree
DEGREES OF ADJECTIVES:
There are three degrees of adjectives.
1) The positive degree shows high degree.
2) The comparative degree shows higher degree of
the quality than the positive degree, and it is used to compare two nouns or
two sets of nouns.
3) The superlative degree shows the highest
degree of the quality, and it is used when more than two nouns or two sets of
nouns are being compared.
For most adjectives of one syllable, and sometimes two:
er / -est is added.
|
Positive
Degree |
Comparative
Degree |
Superlative
Degree |
|
Kind |
Kinder |
Kindest |
|
Great |
Greater |
Greatest |
|
Brave |
Braver |
Bravest |
|
Short |
Shorter |
Shortest |
|
Smart |
Smarter |
Smartest |
We form the comparative and superlative degrees of
adjectives of more than two syllables by putting more and most before the
positive degree.
|
Positive
Degree |
Comparative
Degree |
Superlative
Degree |
|
Modern |
More
Modern |
Most
Modern |
|
Industrious |
More
Industrious |
Most Industrious |
|
Intelligent |
More
Intelligent |
Most
Intelligent |
|
Beautiful |
More
Beautiful |
Most
Beautiful |
|
Amazing |
More
Amazing |
Most
Amazing |
When the positive degree is a word of one syllable and
ends in a single consonant, preceded by a short vowel, this consonant is
doubled before adding –er/ -est.
|
Positive
Degree |
Comparative
Degree |
Superlative
Degree |
|
Hot |
Hotter |
Hottest |
|
Sad |
Sadder |
Saddest |
|
Tall |
Taller |
Tallest |
|
New |
Newer |
Newest |
|
Far |
Farther |
Farthest |
POINTS TO REMEMBER
•
Adjectives of Quality can have different comparable extents called
degrees of comparison.
•
Nouns and verbs can be converted into adjectives of quality.
•
Adjectives of quality satisfy the question “What kind/ sort/ type of.”
ADJECTIVES OF QUANTITY
Adjectives of Quantity are the words which indicate the
quantities of nouns.
EXAMPLES:
§
His family requires 10 kgs of wheat every month.
§
A
fistful of grain cannot feed hundreds of birds.
§
Some oil was spilled in the kitchen.
§
10
grams of gold costs more than ₹50000.
§
There was a lot of noise in the class.
§
A
few students are celebrating food festival.
§
She bought 5 kgs of jawar.
POINTS TO REMEMBER
•
Generally, we talk about the quantities of material nouns. However,
quantitative adjectives can also appear before abstract and common nouns.
•
Adjectives of Quantity answer the question, “What quantity of / in what
quantity / how much”.
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
Possessive Adjectives are the words which show possession
by nouns that follow them.
A possessive adjective modifies a noun by
telling whom it belongs to.
EXAMPLES:
§
Britney is her good sister.
§
My aim is to become a doctor.
§
The cat was wagging its tail.
§
He sold his car last week.
§
It is their property in the end of the street.
§
She is selling her bus.
§
Mechanic repaired his bike.
POINTS TO REMEMBER
•
Possessive Adjectives are the possessive cases of personal pronouns.
DEMONSTRATIVE
ADJECTIVES
The words that add to the meaning of nouns by indicating
towards them are called Demonstrative Adjectives.
EXAMPLES:
§
This car does not belong to him.
§
That truck was yours not their.
§
These stories were about horror comedy.
§
Those monuments were built by kings.
§
These mangoes are so sweet.
§
This dish is so delicious.
§
That fruit is rotten.
POINTS
TO REMEMBER
•
Demonstrative adjectives satisfy the question “which”.
ADJECTIVES
OF NUMBER
Adjectives of Number are the words which tell the number
or frequency of nouns.
EXAMPLES:
§
Three parrots were sitting in the cage.
§
He brought twenty toys today.
§
Most children are naughty.
§
The last day of the month is Sunday.
§
Just a few soldiers needed to kill all enemies.
§
He sold everything to two boys.
§
She is smart enough to buy four villas.
POINTS
TO REMEMBER
• Numerals can be cardinal (one, two,
three,…..), ordinal (first, next, last,….) indefinite (all, few, most,….), or
distributive (each, every, either,….).
EMPHATIC ADJECTIVES
When a word is used to emphasize or lay emphasis on a
noun, it is called an Emphatic Adjectives.
EXAMPLES:
§
He is the only boy who helped her.
§
The king himself cooked food for the queen.
§
The very idea of living on the Mars is impractical.
§
One’s own deeds decide one’s future.
§
The mountaineer is brave. The same is true of you.
§
She has herself spoiled everything.
§
There is only girl who completed project.
INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVES
When Wh-family words (what, which, whose, how
many, how much, etc.) are used before nouns to frame questions, they are called
Interrogative Adjectives.
EXAMPLES:
§
What profession is he in?
§
Which
mountain
is the tallest in the world?
§
Whose bike did you ride last week?
§
How
much money is in your account?
§
By
what time will she reach your house?
§
Whose house does he steal?
§
What number do you dial?
DISTRIBUTIVE
ADJECTIVES
These are words which convey a sense of distribution.
They represent each of the persons or things of a certain set in a
one-at-a-time manner.
EXAMPLES:
§
Every man reading books is intelligent.
§
No boy was in proper uniform.
§
Either dress was costly.
§
Neither biker sold his bike in the auction.
§
Each boy of the school was awarded.
§
Every person needs to work to live.
§
Each girl celebrates liberty.
EXCLAMATORY
ADJECTIVES
When “what” is used before a noun to express exclamation,
it is called the exclamatory adjective.
EXAMPLES:
§
What
a
catch!
§
What a dance!
§
What an idea!
§
What a driver!
§
What
a
drink!
§
What a musician!
§
What a car!
