2nd
PUC ENGLISH WORKBOOK ANSWERS STREAMS REPORT WRITING
E. REPORT
WRITING
Report writing is an important writing skill which covers a number
of areas like science, technology, current affairs, reviews etc. Some
characteristics of reports:
·
They are always factual.
·
The information is verifiable.
·
They are aimed at people with a specific
interest in that area.
·
The passive form of the verb is generally
used.
READING
AND INTERPRETING GRAPHS
Graphs and charts communicate information visually. Therefore graphs
are often used in newspapers, magazines and business reports around and world.
SOME
OF THE GRAPHS COMMONLY USED AS FOLLOWS.
LINE
GRAPHS
·
Line graphs are diagrams that present data
using dots and lines. One variable is indicated on the vertical line, and the
other is indicated on the horizontal line.
BAR
GRAPHS
·
Bar graphs can be either vertical or
horizontal. It is important to read the labels carefully on each bar.
PIE
GRAPHS
·
A pie chart shows relationship between parts
of a whole. The whole is contained in the circle (pie) and divided into
appropriate sized proportions, or slices.
INTERPRETATION
OF GRAPHS
Interpretation of a graph involves reading, understanding and
expressing the data represented in a verbal medium. In other words, after consulting
the graph, you must be able to transfer the data into a report in the form of a
paragraph of about 120-150 words.
TIPS
FOR WRITING A REPORT BASED ON A GRAPH
While writing a report, take into account the following.
Title : The kind of information found on the
graph
Key : Additional information included in the
graph
Scale : Tells how many or how much
Axis lines : Vertical axis runs alone the side of
the graph.
Horizontal
axis runs along the bottom of the graph.
Bar labels : Describe individual parts of the graph
LOOK
AT THE FOLLOWING BAR GRAPH FOLLOWED BY A REPORT.
LITERACY RATE IN INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE
A REPORT BASED ON THE GRAPH CAN BE LIKE THIS:
The above bar graph represents the literacy rate in India after
independence. Spread over a duration of 60 years (from 1951 to 2011), the rate
of literacy has attainted steady growth from just 16.7 percent in 1951 to a
considerable 74.04 in 2011. As can be ascertain from the graph, in the initial
years of independence, i.e. during the first 30 years, the growth rate has
below ten percent. There is a big leap in the 1980s as there is an all time
increase of 14 percent. The next decade has also witnessed a growth of about 13
percent. The rate has witnessed a fall in the next decade as it is less than 10
percent. The policies of the governments and their implementation might be the
reason for the unsteady trend in the growth of literacy rate. However the overall
growth is promising since it shows signs of crossing 75 percent in 2011.
1)
The following bar chart represents the results of a survey based on information
about how rural and urban women spend the hours of their day for some chosen
activities on an average. Based on this information, write a report in about
150 words.
Ans: Time spent on chosen
activities by Rural and Urban Women
The bar graph demonstrates the time spent on activities like
cooking, watching T.V., enjoying hobbies, rearing children, and reading by
rural and urban women. Shockingly, in every one of the five regions, the urban
women invest more time than the rural women. Maybe the field work or other
physical work that the rural women take up leaves them with brief period for
the picked activities. On cooking, if the rural women go through short of what
60 minutes, the urban women go through almost two hours. Also, if not exactly
30 minutes is spent on watching T.V. by the urban women, the time showed
against the urban women is almost one and a half hours. On the off chance that
the rural women spend negligible time on their hobby, the urban women save to
the side something like an hour for the equivalent. The greatest gap is found
in the time taken on raising children. On the off chance that the urban women
spend not exactly 30 minutes on raising kids, the urban women spend almost more
than two hours on the equivalent. The passage for perusing is the least of the
multitude of activities for both rural and urban women. Justifiably the urban
women have a higher rate around here.
2)
The pie chart given below represents the results of a survey conducted by a non
– profit NGO to understand how a rural family spends its income on various
items. Based on the information, write a report in about 200 words.
Ans: Spending Pattern of Rural Families
The pie chart illuminates the spending example of rural families.
The chart demonstrates that a run of the typical rural family spends the least,
that is, 10% every one of its income on savings and education. Entertainment
and health consume 15 % each. Next stands repayment of loan at 20%. The most
elevated rate, that is 30%, is spent on food and clothing. It is obvious from
the chart that people concerned should be instructed about beneficial saving
plans and for this their educational level ought to improve. Consequently, it
is deduced that a mission to work on the educational levels of people of the
rural areas may achieve progress.
3)
The line graph given below shows population growth during pre-independence and
post-independence period in India. Use the information to write a report on the
trends of population growth.
Ans: Population growth during pre-independence and post-independence period in India
It is similar study of population growth in pre-independent and
post-independent. India Population growth has been an interminable issue in
India. A similar study of the population growth in the pre – and post-independence
India shows that population growth has been quick in the post-independence
time. In the pre-independence period, somewhere in the range of 1901 and 1940,
there was a growth of just 0.5 crore. The growth was from 1 crore to 1.5 crore.
In any case, in the post-independence time, on a normal, in consistently there
has been an expansion of one crore. From 1951 to 2010, the increment has been
from around 2 to more than 6 crores. No big surprise, India is a billion in
number country. From the circumstance it is completely clear that the
government should consider rigid ways with which there can be a powerful
command over the population growth on the grounds that for the financial
development of a population explosion would present genuine threats.
