1st PUC ENGLISH WORKBOOK ANSWERS ARTICULATION PASSAGES FOR COMPREHENSION

 

1st PUC ENGLISH WORKBOOK ANSWERS ARTICULATION PASSAGES FOR COMPREHENSION

 

UNIT-B

8. READING  COMPREHENSION

 

READ THE FOLLOWING PASSAGES AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS SET ON THEM:

I. SHELLFISH IN OMAN

 

1) Why is Oman’s fishing industry continuing to expand?

Ans: As Oman’s sea has diverse riches and as there is continuous research into its marine life to see how the nation can benefit from it, Oman’s fishing industry continues to expand.

 

2) Why was abalone shellfish originally important?

Ans: The abalone shellfish was originally important because people hoped to find beautiful pearls in their soft tissue.

 

3) How is abalone different from other shellfish?

Ans: Unlike the other shellfish which have two shells, the abalone shellfish has only one shell and has a distinctive flavour which is much admired.

 

4) State the three uses of abalone shells.

Ans: The extremely beautiful shell that diffracts light because of the geometrically arranged crystals within the shell creates a wonderful shine and several such shells can be used for decorative purposes, and to make jewellery and buttons.

 

5) Mention one of the factors contributing to Oman’s growing economy.

Ans: The abalone fish survive successfully in the shallow marine waters with rocky bottom conditions. This environmental requirement of cold, nutritious water rising from the brightly lit sea bed is met by the south-eastern coast of Oman where the fishing of abalone shellfish has become a multi-million dollar industry.

 

6) The abalone is fished in ………….

Ans: The abalone is fished in Dhofar.

 

7) When are abalone harvested?

Ans: Abalone are harvested after the monsoon period.

 

8) Which part of the year is best suited for harvesting abalone?

Ans: Between October and March.

 

9) Bring out the difference between the life of the young and adult abalone.

Ans: Young abalone shelter in small groups, holding on to the underside of medium-sized boulders whereas the adults live grouped up to a dozen together in rocky cracks.

 

10) How are abalone fished undersea?

Ans: Fishermen dive to a depth often metres assisted only by a face mask and, perhaps, fins. Groups of up to ten men search the sea bed for abalone encrusted boulders and deftly remove the shells using a knife, before coming up for air. A good diver searches for large adults and will collect up to 600 specimens per day. In order to do this, the diver may have to cover an area of 100 square metres.

 

11) Give the meaning of the phrase ‘multi-million dollar’ in the context of the passage.

Ans:  A large sum contributing towards the healthy economy of the country.

 

12) Why does a diver use a knife?

Ans: To remove the shells of the abalone fish.

 

 

II. GOOD TWIN, BAD TWINS

 

1) Where did the author come across the first twin myth?

Ans: The author came across the first twin myth in the local supermarket.

 

2) What difference did the mother of the twin sons find between these two and the other children?

Ans: She found her twin sons to be more thoughtful, compassionate and caring towards each other than the other children were with one another.

 

3) Why are twins often classified as good and bad?

Ans: The twins are often taken as polar opposites because of the influence of ancient myths and modern movies.

 

4) What advice does the writer give about bad behaviour?

Ans: The writer is of the opinion that the focus of disapproval should be the bad behaviour and not the child.

 

5) What trap do some parents fall into?

Ans: Some parents fall into the trap of contrasting their twins’ personality traits and abilities as easy and difficult, pretty and smart, etc.

 

6) How do wise parents overcome the twin myth?

Ans: Wise parents keep their feelings to themselves. When they speak of differences between their twin children, they translate the differences into positive points, and avoid negative labels.

 

7) Why do you think myths in general float around?

Ans: Myths come down to us in the form of fables, parables, religious practices, etc. They influence our subconscious mind and we are not even aware that we are under their influence.

 

8) Twins are up against the human enthusiasm for comparing, contrasting and labelling people. Draw conclusions from your reading of the passage.

Ans: In the context it means that the twins are unfavourably pitted against the common habit of labelling them.

 

 

III. THE MAN WHO CONQUERED EVERY PEAK IN EUROPE

 

1) How was Baber employed before he began making records?

Ans: Baber was a telecom salesman before he began making records.

 

2) Name the problem Baber faced during his attempt.

Ans: Before beginning his venture, his problem was to find sponsors. When he was on the mountain climbing feat, rock falls, avalanches, mines, armed mountain patrols, altitude sickness and corrupt officials who control mountain access were the problems faced by Baber. Weather and politics also compounded his problem.

 

3) Baber entered the Guinness Book of World Records because……………

Ans: Baber entered the Guinness Book of World Records because he conquered the highest peaks in each of the 47 European countries in three years breaking the previous record of seven years.

 

4) What started Baber’s interest in mountaineering?

Ans: Baber was sent on an adventure weekend as a teen and later a casual conversation with his colleagues which turned around to mountain climbing hooked him on to the idea of entering the Guinness Book of World Records.

 

5) What qualities in Baber made his achievement possible?

Ans: Sheer determination to overcome obstacles and love for mountaineering made his achievement possible.

 

6) What does Baber mean by “I’d like to lead a normal life, but I’m on the mountain wagon now”?

Ans: Baber means that he would eventually like to settle down and lead a normal life in the comfort of his home and family. But, right now he would like to conquer the mountain, riding on it, as if it were a wagon at his command. Mountain wagon can also be interpreted as the vehicle that would take him to his goal.

 

7) The word Summit means ……………………… (sum total, peak, surface)

Ans: The word Summit means peak.

 

8) List some of the European mountain peaks mentioned in the passage.

Ans: Mt. Elberus in Russia

Mt. Daravica in Kosovo

Mt. Shkhara in Georgia

Mt. Ararat in Turkey

 

IV. PLANTS THAT HEAL

 

1) How are foxgloves medicinally helpful?

Ans: The drug digitalis is extracted from the Foxgloves plant. This can heal heart diseases.

 

2) The drug that is extracted from foxgloves is ………………………..

a) belladonna      b) strychnine       c) Nux Vomica    d) digitalis

Ans: d)digitalis.

 

3) What happens if belladonna and strychnine are given in small doses?

Ans: In small doses belladonna is used as a sedative and strychnine is used to increase appetite.

 

4) Before the man could manufacture drugs, plants were not the only source of medicine. True/False.

Ans: False.

 

5) What was used as painkillers by the Chinese and the South American Indians?

Ans: The Chinese were using opium from poppies and the South American Indians were chewing cocoa leaves as painkillers.

 

6) Which plants produce oils of medicinal value?

Ans: Camphor, caster beans and cloves produce oils of medicinal value.

 

7) Which fungus proves a good antibiotic?

Ans: Penicillium fungus proves a good antibiotic.

 

8) Match the following.

A                                    B

1) Penicillin                             i) Castor

2) Quinine                     ii) Poppies

3) Opium                       iii) Penicillium fungus

                                      iv) Cinchona

 

Ans: 1) Penicillin – Pencicillium fungus

2) Quinine – Cinchona

3) Opium – Poppies

 

9) Complete the table given below.

Ans:

 

Name of the plant	Part of the plant used as medicine	Illness/disease cured
Foxgloves	Leaves	Treating heart diseases
Deadly night shades	Leaves	Sedative
Nux Vomica	Fruit and seeds	Increases appetite
Cinchona	Bark	Brings down fever
Penicillium notatum Fungus/mold		Antibiotic
Cocoa	Leaves	Antibiotic
Poppy	Fruit and seeds	Painkiller

 

 

 

 

V. JANE GOODALL

 

1) What did Jane’s mother notice?

Ans: Jane’s mother noticed that she was spending quite a lot of time in the shed. She also noticed that food was disappearing from the house especially bread and fruit.

 

2) Who was sitting with Jane in the shed?

Ans: A young gorilla was sitting with Jane in the shed.

 

3) Where had the gorilla come from?

Ans: The gorilla had escaped from a zoo.

 

4) Where had Jane found the gorilla?

Ans: Jane found it wandering through the park.

 

5) Whom did, the mother won’t Jane to inform about the gorilla?

Ans: The mother wanted Jane to inform the police about the gorilla.

 

6) Why weren’t the police only with Jane?

Ans: The police knew all about Jane and her animals and hence they were not angry with Jane.

 

7) What did the zookeeper offer, Jane?

Ans:  The zookeeper told Jane that she could go and see the gorilla as often as she liked in the zoo for which he would send her a free pass.

 

8) The Gorilla belonged to the

a) Zoo                  b) park                c)police

Ans: a)Zoo.

 

9) Jane’s mother went to the shed because she wanted to find

a) animals            b)food                  c) Jane’s friends

Ans: b) food

 

VI. FLYING SAUCERS

 

1) What did Rod always use to laugh at?

Ans: Rod always used to laugh at the idea of flying saucers.

 

2) What did Rod hear as he was getting ready to go to bed?

Ans: Just as he was getting ready to go to bed, Rod heard a low humming noise outside, like thousands of bees.

 

3) In the field, at the end of the garden, Rod saw some

a) people              b) humming bees          c) strange objects.

Ans: c) strange objects.

 

4) Where could Rod view the mysterious objects clearly from?

Ans: From the wall at the end of his garden, Rod could see the mysterious objects clearly.

 

5) What was Rod sure of?

Ans: Rod was sure that the group of men, all wearing space suits, were from outer space.

 

6) What did Rod imagine about the outer space?

Ans: Rod imagined the outer space to be a quiet, peaceful planet, quite unlike the world he lived in.

 

7) How many machines did Rod see moving?

Ans: Rod saw three machines moving.

 

8) Why was Rod sod?

Ans: Rod felt sad because the machines were leaving without him when he wanted to join them.

 

9) Where did Rod find himself when he was pushed back?

Ans: Rod found himself in the field when he was pushed back.

 

10) Why does Rod feel sad when there is a mention of flying saucers?

Ans: Rod feels sad when there is a mention of flying saucers as he wanted to go to the happy and peaceful planet.

 

VII. ROBERT

 

1) What was the weather like?

Ans: It was cold as it was winter’s afternoon.

 

2) Who was in the canoe?

Ans: A boy was in the canoe.

 

3) When Robert heard the cry for help, he was

a) still on the bridge      b) looking at the river   c) taking off his jacket

Ans: When Robert heard the cry for help, he was still on the bridge.

 

4) What did the boy do when Robert caught hold of him?

Ans: When Robert caught hold of him, the boy began to struggle and shout something at him.

 

5) The people on the boot

a) laughed at Robert              b) did not speak to Robert  

c) left Robert in the water.

Ans: The people on the boat left Robert in the water.

 

6) What had the people on the boat been doing?

Ans: The people on the boat had been shooting a scene for a film.

 

7) Pick out the synonyms from the passage for the following words:

a) Did not try ……….   b) Pulling ………          c) Ruined ………….

Ans: a) Did not try — hesitated

b) Pulling — dragging

c) Ruined — spoilt

 

 

8) Fill in the table with appropriate information given below:

a motor boat/ film people/ winter/ Robert/ a boy/ a bridge/ afternoon/ Robert saved a boy/ a river/ He spoilt a film.

Ans:

Time of Day	afternoon
Time of Year	winter
Places	a bridge, a river, a motorboat
People	film people, Robert, a boy
Events	Robert saved a boy, He spoilt a film

 

 

VIII. USEFUL MICROBES

 

1) Name various natural fertilizers.

Ans: The dung of farm animals, straw, vegetable wastes, grass cuttings and other degradable wastes when acted upon by bacteria and fungi turn into natural fertilizers.

 

2) Which is the bacterium that lives in the swollen ports of legumes?

Ans: Rhizobium bacterium.

 

3) The phrase ‘anaerobic conditions’ in the passage means

a) absence of aerobics   b) absence of oxygen    c) excess of oxygen.

Ans: b) absence of oxygen

 

4) What is the component used fair fermentation?

Ans: Yeast.

 

5) What are nodules?

Ans: The swollen parts in the roots of plants such as the legumes (beans, peas, soya bean, etc.) are called nodules.

6) Name any two degradable wastes.

Ans: Straw and vegetable wastes.

 

7) How is biogas produced? Why is biogas o valuable fuel?

Ans: Human and animal feces and leafy waste from crops are broken down by bacteria. In the absence of oxygen (anaerobic conditions) to produce methane (biogas). It is valuable because it can be used as fuel for cooking and lighting.

 

8) Explain the process of nitrogen fixation.

Ans: The process of converting nitrogen to nitrates is called nitrogen fixation.

 

9) How is raw sewage, o health hazard, turned Into a harmless and useful substance?

Ans: Bacteria break down raw sewage wastes such as feces and urine into harmless and even useful substances as these can be used as landfills or to renovate the soil by providing nitrates and phosphates and improving its water retention capacity.

 

10) How does the bread or cake turn soft?

Ans: Yeast is added to dough to produce carbon-di-oxide which makes the dough rise. The bread or cake made from the dough becomes soft and fluffy due to the gas.

 

IX. KAMALADEVI CHATTOPADHYAY

 

1) Kamaladevi is remembered even today because

a) she was a romantic figure of t freedom struggle.

b) her ideas are relevant.

c) she believed in egalitarian politics.

Ans: b) her ideas are relevant.

 

2) Kamalodevi was a feminist at a time when feminism had already become fashionable. True/False.

Ans: False.

 

 

3) Mention the name of any two freedom fighters who initiated her to politics.

Ans: Panade and Annee Besant.

 

4) Why did Kamoladevi demand for uniform civil code?

Ans: She pressed for a uniform civil code as a means to promote gender justice.

 

5) She considered________ system of moss production a deathblow to traditional crafts.

Ans: She considered the western system of mass production a deathblow to traditional crafts.

 

6) Match suitable words to the word ‘union’ and use in sentences of your own.

(labourers, judge, trade, student, food)

Ans: a) Labourers’ Union :The Labourers’ Union decided to go on strike demanding better safety measures in the factory.

b) Trade Union: A Trade Urnon safeguards the rights of workers.

c) Students Union: The principal heeded the requests made by the Students’ Union.

 

7) Refer a dictionary and find the meaning of the word ‘deathblow’

Ans: A destructive event.

 

8) Choose a synonym from the passage for the word ‘swadeshi’

Ans: Indigenous.

 

9) Why did Komalodevi have a deep association with labour unions?

Ans: Kamaladevi’s study on the abject situation of women in the mining industry led to her deep association with labour unions as she could fight for the rights of women through the union.

 

 

X. YAKSHAGANA

 

1) In Yokshogona, the one who looks grander than others is the:

a) hero                 b) villain               c) bhagawatha.

Ans: b) villain.

2) All roles in Yakshogona ore played by women. (True/False)

Ans: False.

 

3) What system is absent in Yakshagana?

Ans: The otherwise entangling system of caste s absent in Yakshagana.

 

4) What does ‘mahiniattam’ mentioned in the passage, refer to?

Ans: A dance form of Kerala.

 

5) What does the word ‘Yoksho’ literally mean?

Ans: The word ‘Yaksha’ means demigod.

 

6) Besides being an amateur Yakshagana artiste, Govlndo Prasad is

a) a teacher                   b) a mechanic      c) a doctor.

Ans: c) a doctor.

 

7) In Govinda Prosod’s view, caste ________ a person from getting a particular role in Yakshogano.

a)benefits              b) hinders             c) neither benefits nor hinders

Ans: c) neither benefits nor hinders

 

8) What does the word ‘myth’ mean? Refer a dictionary and find out.

Ans: Myth means tale with supernatural characters or events.