2ND PUC ENGLISH NOTES - JAPAN AND BRAZIL THROUGH A TRAVELLER’S EYE

 

JAPAN AND BRAZIL THROUGH A TRAVELLER’S EYE

Comprehension I

1) ‘Exquisitely well-mannered people’ refers to

a) Indians  

b) Japanese

c) Americans.

Ans: b) Japanese.

 

2) What behaviour substitutes privacy in Japan?

Ans: The respect for one another’s privacy and showing courtesy are the substitutes for privacy in Japan.

 

3) The reference to public telephone suggests:

a) how overcrowded Japan is

b) how the Japanese respect privacy

c) how busy the Japanese are.

Ans: b) how the Japanese respect privacy.

 

4) Hierarchy in bowing demands

a) youngsters bow to their elders.

b) wife bow to her husband.

c) sisters bow to their brothers.

Ans: b) wife bow to her husband and c) sisters bow to their brothers.

 

5) How does one show appreciation while eating soup in Japan

Ans: At the point when an individual is eating soup offered by a host or hostess, he should make an unfortunate noise in order to give his indication of appreciation; in any case, the host or hostess will believe that the visitor is rude.

 

6) How are the pavements in Brazil decorated? What does it tell us about the people there?

Ans: The grey pavements in Brazil are regularly enriched with beautiful black mosaics, a special kind of adornment. From this, we can derive that these individuals are alive to excellence in their environmental factors. Also, they walk gradually and reflectively and possess a ton of energy for consideration.

 

7) What happens when leisurely people in Brazil get a steering wheel in their hands?

Ans: At the point when comfortable individuals get a steering wheel in their grasp, they drive their vehicles so quick that you would be slanted to accept that acquiring a 10th of a second involves grave significance for them constantly.

 

8) Who do the Brazilian drivers look out for when they are driving? Why?

Ans: The Brazilian drivers look out for pedestrians. However, in Brazil, they could do without people walking on the streets or people attempting to go across the streets. The purposely speed up and chuckle at pedestrians on foot who race to endure. The drivers in Brazil treat pedestrians on foot as reasonable prey to chase and cut down.

 

9) What remarkable attitude is seen in the war between drivers?

Ans: The conflict between the drivers is lethal yet acceptable tempered. They cut in, overwhelm on the two sides and power the other individual to break fiercely and carry out every one of the most shocking violations. In any case, they grin at the other individual with no displeasure, aggression, or distraught hooting.

 

10) Which places does the Tokaido Line connect?

Ans: The Tokaido Line connects Tokyo and Osaka.

 

11) Where did the writer Mikes meet a deer in Japan?

Ans: The writer met a deer in one of the parts of Nara, which is a wild deer park in Japan.

 

12) What are the pavements in the streets of Copacabana decorated with?

Ans: The pavements in the streets of Copacabana are decorated with beautiful black mosaics.

 

13) What kind of people would take the trouble to decorate the pavements they walk on?

Ans: Just a group alive to magnificence in their environmental factors and who possess a lot of energy for examination during their thoughtful walking would go out of the way to beautify pavements they walk on.

 

14) Why are motor cars expensive in Brazil?

Ans: Motor cars are extremely expensive in Brazil because import duties are crippling and murderous.

 

15) Which place in Brazil does the writer consider as the worst for pedestrians?

Ans: Avenida Presidente Vargas in Brazil the author considers as the worst place for pedestrians.

 

16) Which habit of the Japanese is referred to as mania by George Mikes?

Ans: George Mikes refers to the Japanese habit of bowing’ as mania.

 

17) Which place in Brazil is the worst with regard to traffic, according to George Mikes?

Ans: According to George Mikes, Avenida Presidente Vargas, known for its terrifying speed of traffic on the road, is the worst place of all in Brazil.

 

18) Whose life is becoming more hazardous in Brazil every day, according to George Mikes?

Ans: The pedestrian’s life is becoming more hazardous in Brazil every day, according to George Mikes.

 

19) What does the speaker compare Japanese bowing to?

Ans: The speaker compares Japanese bowing to the ceremonious solemnity of a courtier.

 

20) Who are the drivers in Brazil on the lookout for?

Ans: The drivers in Brazil are on the lookout for any pedestrians stepping off the pavement, who they regard as a fair game.

 

21) Which animal created the impression that it bowed to George Mikes in Japan?

Ans: A deer at Nara in Japan created the impression that it bowed to the author.

 

22) The Japanese stores employ ______ to greet customers.

a) singing girls              b) dancing girls             c) bowing girls

Ans: c) bowing girls.

 

23) Who enters the carriage in a slightly theatrical scene as noticed by Mikes in Japan?

Ans: Two conductors enter the carriage in a slightly theatrical scene as noticed by Mikes in Japan.

 

24) Which animal bowed to Mikes in Japan?

Ans: A deer bowed to Mikes in Japan.

 

25) Who is transformed into savages as soon as a bus arrives in Japan?

Ans: The bowing gentlemen are transformed into savages as soon as a bus arrives in Japan.

 

26) George Mikes compares the act of two Japanese bowing to

a) an early American traffic law     b) page-boys turning revolving doors

c) Tokaido line that connects Tokyo and Osaka.

Ans: a) an early American traffic law.

 

 

Comprehension II

1) Why is bowing in Japan a complicated process?

Ans: ‘Bowing’ in Japan is complicated because they follow a confounded hierarchy in bowing which they need to follow as hallowed. The Japanese know obviously who should bow to whom, how profoundly, and for how long. For instance, they keep certain fundamental standards inside the family. They are: "the spouse bows to her significant other, the kid bows to his dad, more youthful siblings to senior siblings, and the sister bows to all siblings". The Japanese mirror the littlest distinction in position, standing, age, social situation in their bowing style in that brief instant.

 

2) Why does bowing, a natural practice in Japanese culture, look so quaint’ and puzzling to the author?

Ans: 'Bowing', a characteristic practice in Japanese culture, looks so 'curious' and confounding to the creator since when the Japanese bow, they bow neither too profoundly nor not profoundly enough and bow to the perfect individual at the perfect time. They realize who should bow to whom, how profoundly, and for how long. They oversee it without trouble and inconspicuously reflect even the littlest contrast in position, standing, age, and social position. Besides, they bow with the ceremonious serenity of a retainer yet with a lot of common and matchless beauty.

 

3) Do you think the author is finding fault with making fun of the culture of bowing in Japanese and speeding cars in Brazil?

Ans: No, the author is not finding fault with making fun of the culture of bowing in Japanese and speeding cars in Brazil.  This article is a piece of movement composing. Travel composing is not; at this point saw as a result of some honest interest. It is additionally not an endeavor to comprehend an outsider culture equitably. Maybe, this account ought to be perused as the creator's viewpoint on Japanese culture. The creator is absolutely not criticizing the Japanese method of eating soup or their propensity for bowing. The creator is possibly communicating his unexpected when he views at their social propensities as an untouchable. The language may some of the time have all the earmarks of being utilized for an amusing impact. However, in a piece of exploratory writing, such freedoms in their style should be acknowledged as characteristic. In the event that the essayist essentially portrayed equitably whatever he saw, the article will lose its human interest. Essentially, the creator is communicating his amazement at the manner in which the drivers of four-wheelers proceed onward the street in Brazil and the size of the quick traffic. The creator is additionally communicating his appreciation for the lovely dark mosaics seen on the asphalts. He is likewise communicating his inconvenience for the drowsiness of the relaxed strolling people on foot.

 

Comprehension III

1) ‘Bowing in Japan is quainter; more formal, more oriental.’ Do you agree?

Ans: Yes, in this article, the writer acquaints the reader with perhaps the most interesting and prominent social propensities for the Japanese public. He tells the reader that when you land in Japan, you see promptly that the Japanese are dazzlingly polite. Very soon, you will likewise find that the Japanese are polite and guarantee that they don't disregard a speaker's protection while conversing with somebody via telephone. At that point you come to be an observer to individuals bowing to one another wherever as though it is a fixation on them.

 

Nonetheless, the creator records his appreciation for their expertise and way of bowing. He says that individuals bow to one another with the ceremonious gravity of a squire but then with a lot of common and matchless beauty. At that point he comments that bowing is neither less nor more senseless than shaking hands or kissing the cheek, yet it is quainter, more formal, more oriental, and furthermore irresistible. He says so in light of the fact that, while anybody can get familiar with the specialty of shaking hands or kissing the cheek totally well, it is incredibly hard for an European to figure out how to do 'bowing' the manner in which Japanese do in light of the fact that, in a brief moment, the Japanese figure out how to unobtrusively mirror every one of the subtleties one necessities to follow while bowing. They effectively display the littlest contrast in position, standing, age, and social position. Then again, if European endeavors to bow to somebody, the person will bow too profoundly or not profoundly enough; they bow to some unacceptable man at some unacceptable time or they don't fasten their hands before them which is awful or they do in an incorrect manner which is considered far and away more terrible.

 

2) Describe how traffic in Brazil leads to humorous observations.

Ans: George Mikes offers entertaining remarks on the 'traffic' in Copacabana and Avenida Presidente Vargas specifically and Brazil as a rule. He thinks that Brazilians are accommodating and comfortable characters. In any case, exactly the same individuals, the second they get a guiding wheel in their grasp, no speed „ is quick for them. They drive with such speed that one would be slanted to accept that acquiring a 10th of a second involves grave significance for every one of them, constantly. The essayist discusses the expanding number of vehicles in Brazil and says that the expansion in the quantity of vehicles is making the person on foot's life more risky consistently. He at that point portrays a fascinating account to give an unmistakable thought of the quantity of vehicles proceeding onward the street at some random time in Avenida Presidente Vargas.

He requests that the reader envision that he is remaining on one roadside attempting to go across the street. He will go through a ridiculous amount of time thinking about an entrancing issue: How can slithering traffic continue at a particularly terrifying speed? He reinforces a similar thought by another model. He requests that the reader envision that a man on his roadside abruptly notices a companion of his on the opposite roadside and starts waving to him. At that point he yells at him asking "How in the world did you get over yonder?" The other individual will shout back at him, "How? I was brought into the world on this side!" The writer leaves it to the readers to draw their own deductions.

 

3) What aspects of our social life, do you think, would appear quaint and odd to a foreign tourist?

Ans: India is a multi-ethnic, cultural, and multilingual country. Individuals of various social practices, customs, and customs are spread all through the length and broadness of the nation, in this way making the populace heterogeneous in character. Be that as it may, unfamiliar vacationers who visit India, frequently come from nations where the populace is homogeneous in character. Normally, the unfamiliar vacationers discover many parts of our public activity, interesting and odd.One of the commonest habits that may seem interesting to them is the way our womenfolk make designs on the floor before their homes or doors, with chalk piece, shaded powder, or coloured petals, called Rangoli. Essentially, the buntings of mango leaves and plantain tree stem that we enliven our homes with uncommon pooja days, promising events and celebrations, and lighting lights during Deepavali seem odd to them. Furthermore, Indians' affection and regard for the blessed cow and monkeys as an image of god additionally seem curious to them.

 

Another perspective that may seem interesting is the custom of venerating vehicles which are normally seen during Ayudha Pooja. Aside from these, there are a few habits which may make us bow our heads in disgrace. They are urinating in public, spitting chewed betel nut residues on the walls and roads,' sneaking boisterously over cell phones out in the open spots, seizing railroad and transport ticket counters and at transport quits, going across streets where there are no common intersections, blaring pointlessly, leaving vehicles on the pathway, resisting signal lights, men gazing at ladies strolling in the city till she moves far away, setting up pandals for private capacities out and about and impeding it for walkers and drivers, pushing trash out and about, people on foot jaywalking out and about, and so on Conversing with outsiders on trains and transports, enquiring them about their positions and compensations, and so forth, are likewise a portion of the social parts of Indians which seem curious to outsiders.